Reasoning Tips and Tricks: Coding & Decoding
Dear Job Aspirants,
In this section on
Reasoning tips and tricks we will be discussing about the Coding and Decoding
of any given Puzzle into our desired solution. Coding and Decoding of any given
puzzle means transmitting the information from one place to another without the
knowledge of third person. In our day to day life we use various type of Coding
and Decoding mechanism to transmit our message to next person. For example we
use many types of Hand Gestures, Head Postures or eye brow movement and any
other means to transmit our message to other. This coding and Decoding of message may be
various kinds in form of Letter Coding or Number Coding or Pictorial coding,
Symbolic Coding, Substitution Coding, or Deciphering Coding. Let’s Discuss the
Depth of this Coding and Decoding.
What is Coding in
Term of Reasoning: Coding is the process by which any information or
message is Coded to different form so the while transmitting from one place to
another if any third person got the
message he will not be able to understand what the message is actually
containing. Thus coding is simply a process by which we can transmit any
information to our desired person without any intermediate intervention.
What is Decoding in
Term of Reasoning: Decoding is the reverse process of Coding. In decoding
we recover the actual message from coded message. Coded message may contain
unwanted things, in decoding these Unwanted things are removed and actual
information is recovered. For example
you need a password to your friends Laptop. You asked to your friend for
password. He has given the password in
coded form. Until and unless you don’t know the message decoding you will not
be able to get the actual password. So here you need decoding. Suppose his
Laptops password is 12345 and your friend told you the password is ABCDE and
told you to get the Number Position for the given password then only you will
be able to decode the password. Thus
Coding and Decoding is very much important for our day to day life. Similarly
coding and decoding is very important for Competitive Exams too.
Codding and
decoding may be off various types, based on various word patterns, Number
pattern, Depends of various fundamental principles. In competitive examination
Coding decoding questions has 3 coded questions and you are asked to find the
ford similar coded question or for every coded question there will be given a
second coded answer and you are asked to find the answer for the fourth coded
question based on others pattern or rule of coding.
In Coded Decoding questions,
the words or letters or alphabets do not stand for its own meaning it generally
stand for another meaning. Questions
from Coding and Decoding are grouped in various categories.
1.
Letter to letter Coding 2. Letter to Number Coding 3. Substitution Coding 4.Deciphering Coding 5.Symbol Coding
Let’s Discuss the Each Section In Details.
1. Letter to Letter
Coding: in general in letter Coding the message contains with letter is
coded with different type of letters so our main aim is to find out the link
how the letters are coded to different letters. There are various
techniques/rules/patterns by which letter may be coded to other letter. One of
the popular technique of letter coding is each letter is substituted with other
letter by forward movement or by backward movement or one forward movement and
next one backward movement or increasing/decreasing forward movement or decreasing/increasing backward
movements. Examine the following coding example.
Q1. HELLO =
IFMMP ; ALSO=BMTP ; KIND= LJOE then WELL=?
To solve
this kind of question we have to find the pattern of coding of first three
given coding. Here each alphabet of
words is forwarded by one position to create Code. i.e.
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1
H ---->I, E ---->F,
L ---->M, L ---->M,
P ---->O
Q2. If HELLO = IGOPT, ;
ALSO=BNVS ; KIND= LKQH then WELL=?
Here each alphabet of
former three word is forwarded by 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 positions i.e.
+1 +2 +3 +4 +5
H ---->I, E ---->G, L ---->O, L---->P, P ---->T
H is forwarded by One
position to get I (H+1=I), E is forwarded by 2 Position to get G (E+2=G), L is
forwarded by 3 position to get O (L+3=O), Next L is forwarded by 4 Position to
get P (L+4=P) and Last one O is forwarded by 5 position to get T (O+5=T) thus
coded word become HELLO= IGOPT. Similar pattern is followed in other in ALSO,
KIND, and Thus WELL = XGOP will be the answer.
Thus to solve Letter Coding problems first we have to find
out the coding mechanism and then have to apply this mechanism to given word to
find code.
Tips & Tricks 1: To solve Letter
to Letter Coding reasoning question always keep in mind the position value of
each alphabet and try to find out how the adjacent alphabets are connected to
each other.
2. Letter to Number
Coding: In this Coding mechanism letters
are assigned a specific Numeric Number. To solve this kind of question we have
to find out the pattern on Number assignment to a given Word or Alphabet or a Letter
and have to find out the Numeric Number for questioned word/Letter. Various
Mathematical operations like Addition, Multiplication, Subtraction or division
are used to code any letter to Form Number. Alphabets positional Number any letter
is also used to create the Number code for that letter. E.g. ‘A ‘alphabet has a position value 1, ‘B’
alphabet has a position Value of 2 similarly ‘Z’ has a position value of 26.
Let’s discuss with an example.
Q1. If VOID is coded with 25 18 12 7then what will be the
code for BOIL.
Here we have to find out how VOID is coded to 25 18 12 7. To
solve this first we have to think how alphabet V is related with 25, O is
related with 18, how I is related with 12 and D is related with 7. Let’s think
more deeply 25 is near the position value of i.e. V has position value 22
so 25= 22+3 similarly O has a position
value of 15 and number coded for O is 18 = 15 +3, and similar for other. So we
have found the coding mechanism i.e. each alphabet of Letter is coded with its
position value +3.
V--------- (22+3)--->25
O--------- (15+3)---->18
I----------
(9+3)------>12
D -------- (4+3)------->
7
Thus code
for BOIL with be 5 18 12 15
3. Substitution Coding:
In this Substitution Coding mechanism some latters are substituted by other
letter or some words are substituted by other word or Some Numerical operators
are substituted by other Numeric operator. The candidate has to find out the
substitution word for a given problem word relating with the other substitution
words. Let’s discuss with a example.
Q1. If Red is
called Blue, Blue is called yellow, yellow is called Black, Black is called White,
White is calling Cyan, Cyan is called Magenta, and then what is the color of Milk?
Solution: We know
that Color of Milk is White. Now our job is to find out the substitution for
White. According to the question White is substituted with Cyan. So the color
of Milk is Cyan.
Q2. If ‘Do It
Well’ is coded with ‘Yan Too Cam’, ‘Let’s Do It’ is coded with ‘Swam Yan Cam’, ‘Let’s
Check It’ is coded with ‘Swam Yan Milee’ what will be the code fir ‘Let’s do it
well’?
Solution: In
above question from first and second substitution it can be easily observed
that ‘Do’ and ‘It ’ is Coded with Yan
and Cam. From Second and third substitution it can be observed that ‘ Let’s’
and ‘It’ is coded with Swam and Swam and Yan. Thus Do= Cam, It= Yan, Let’s = Swam, and Well = Too. So Code
for Let’s Do It Well =Swam Cam Yan Too
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